According to the headlines, Canada is heading towards its first inter-election change of government since the 1926 King-Byng Affair.
Despite winning only a quarter of the seats and subsequently offering a resignation that was strongly accepted by his party, Stéphane Dion may become Prime Minister by the end of the year. Stranger still, he will head a coalition government that includes the New Democrats, who are the fourth largest party in parliament, and is supported by the separatist Bloc Quebecois. Combined, the Liberals and NDP only have 114 seats, 29 fewer than the Conservatives they are about to topple.
While there is no Canadian precedent for this month’s manoeuvrings, in mid-19th century Britain, governments were formed and dissolved on a regular basis. Until Disraeli and Gladstone created the modern party system, these governments featured even stranger bedfellows than separatists and socialists. Even though suffrage was limited to propertied males (about 10% of the adult population), the electorate was split on foreign and domestic policies, including free trade, Irish rights, Church-state relationships, and relationships with the various French empires and republics.


